Did you try connecting to a hotspot? There is the possibility your router has a MAC address filter configured, assuming you have entered the correct passphrase.
Secondly, are you sure you did a clean installation of the operating system or it was just restored to a previous point? The fact that Intel® PROSet Wireless Software is not installing indicates the possibility of a software corruption issue. I would have the driver uninstall from device manager, restart and delete the folders below before installing it again. Otherwise you may need a fresh operating system installation.
- C:\Users\your-user-name\AppData\Roaming\Intel
- C:\ProgramData\Roaming\Intel*
- C:\ProgramData\Intel*